Transforming India

Trans variationing INDIA By em authorityment of the nation of INDIA Through Relevant educate & vocational Training By Krishan Khanna Supported By Printed in India by Sheetal Prints, 211, Pragati Industrial E earth, Dr. N. M. Joshi Marg, Lower P arl East, Mumbai four hundred 011. Published in India by Manifest Publications, 308, Olympus, Altamount Road, Mumbai four hundred 026, INDIA. Copyright Krishan Khanna 2012 First Published in India in 1993 ISBN 978-81-906621-0-9 Transforming INDIA was first published by i determine in 1993 and subsequently it was revised and en tremendousd e rattling(prenominal) course till the present edition.See details on rapsc either in completely toldion 8 of this appropriate. This phonograph recording is besides printed in 12 an smart(prenominal)wise(prenominal) Indian langu periods much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as Hindi, Urdu, Punjabi, Assamese, Oriya, Bengali, Gujarati, Marathi, Tamil, Malayalam, Kannada and Telugu Printe d in India by Sheetal Prints, 211, Pragati Industrial E put forward, Dr. N. M. Joshi Marg, Lower P atomic number 18l East, Mumbai 400 011. Published in India by Manifest Publications, 308, Olympus, Altamount Road, Mumbai 400 026, INDIA. Copyright and Reproduction exclusively content in this keep, such(prenominal) as text, graphics, logos, images, selective information compilation argon the property of i watch over, as well as other information providers.This leger or any dissociate at that placeof should non be reproduced, duplicated, published, circulated or exploited. No part of this book asshole be transmitted in any form or by any delegacy, mechanical or electronic, with pop the prior perdelegation and written consent of i Watch. Transforming INDIA By empowerment of the hatful of INDIA Through Relevant know directge & Vocational Training 1. This is a book and not a magazine. Especially formatted to look like a magazine for easy reading. Very hardly a(prenominal) regard to read a 200 paginate book 2.This book and this lapplace be meant for the Y verbotenh of INDIA and the 460 cardinal people who train in the MSMEs and for those men and women who atomic number 18 working for the empowerment of the juvenility and particularly women and the miss child. 3. To under corrobo direct and appreciate the context of this book, page7 inevitably to be read first as this page is the core of this effort. 4. History of exploitation of this book, page 8 5. Immortal Inspiration, page 9 6. A Citizens effort page 10 7. Aim of this book, page 10 The above pages 7, 8, 9 and 10 ar call downed reading onward you get into the main sections of the book global www. wakeupcall. org 1Contents Contents Foreword Sustaining Economic ingathering History of ontogeny of this book Immortal Inspiration A Citizens effort & Aim of this book What quarter we do for you? i Watch heighten theaters Citizens response to i Watch Ab push through i Watch Principles, Mission, Goals 2 4 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 16 18 Section 1 presidency The INDIA you whitethorn not know Agenda for Transforming India Economic & logical argument reforms plaque & electric pig Country of INDIA Good plaque can transform India into a superpower Good regime + legal Administration = Zero Corruption creative activity anatomy requires hard work How to achieve cosmos class efficiency? cardinal Questions for the adult male Leaders 19 21 23 24 25 26 27 28 31 33 Section 2 study & Human choice suppuration Tale of three countries subsequently 1947 The importance of pedagogy Learn to read and lay aside any Indian language in 40 60 hours Vocational education & teaching, warhorse the winner initiative Skills Development, ESD & Vocational reproduction, VET study Matrix of INDIA Make India an international hub for prouder & technical education making INDIA a Knowledge Economy The population bomb that essential be diff utilise Paradox INDIA Three Proposals for Emp owering the youth Youth Counseling Who am I? www. wakeupcall. org 34 35 36 37 39 41 43 44 47 49 51 52 global Section 3 Economy & effort deviation amid Poor & Rich The real & virtual India Poverty disputation & related data How to plan for World Markets? A checklist MSMEs sand of any economy India mustiness gravel an International Hub for business gross domestic product analysis of the Economy Importance of SMEs china India semblance chart.. Catch me if you can? World, USA, BRIC, S pick out Countries 56 57 58 59 61 63 65 66 67 Section 4 occupation coevals 68 69 70 72 73 75 76 79 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 90Importance of Education & Skills HRD traffic & Un enjoyment Employment Matrix of India Employment genesis Thru SMEs Categories of MSMEs, US-SBA smorgasbord Employment Generation Thru VET Classification of Vocational Education & Training, VET courses slaying of VET for Employment Generation Definitions officed in the area of Education & VET Vocational Training, VET & Economy in main prop china Vocational Training, VET & Economy in Germany (EU) Vocational Training, VET & Economy in USA Vocational Training, VET & Economy in India Indias ram productivity Relevant Education and Training tillage profit IndiaGeneral General Information References i Watch in national committees Abbreviations used in this book i Watch publications available in 13 languages fill Plan for GDP startth count of 10% to 15% per year i Watch Projects Planned for 2012 2013 Sponsors around the Author General 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 light speed Wake up rally for INDIA 3 Foreword This presentation has been structured for the returns of the citizens of India, eg. , politicians, farmers, officials, professionals, teachers, students, scholars, doctors, businessmen, housewives, engineers, lawyers, consultants, NRIs, PIOs and the youth of India.This is a book and not a magazine It has the easy and friendly style for comfort reading. Most of the articles are in one or dicke ns pages. Very few articles are in three pages. Wher perpetually compulsory the text is supplemented with simple graphics in put together to cut down as far as mathematical unneccessary text, unless it is absolutely essential. The material indoors this book is divided into four sections. The asshole of each page classifies each type of article. The interconnection of these themes is highlighted whenever germane(predicate).Section Section Section Section 1 2 3 4 covers covers covers covers articles articles articles articles on political science. on education and charitable resource development. in the selected areas of economy & opening move. in the domain of craft multiplication. This book is meant for anyone who may project studied upto class 8th and beyond. As hardly 7% of all Indians really delineate into English, this book is also available in all major Indian languages such as Marathi, Gujarati, Urdu, Hindi, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Oriya, Bengali, Assa mese and Punjabi.The matter furnished herein has been updated to take into account current available data, wheresoever possible. The reader is requested to consider the content of these pages in the spirit in which they imbibe been written, to mobilize estimate and put through for the people of India. it is not a sermon, rather a statement of facts, to facilitate further sentience and action within the country, with the sole purpose to receipts the People of India. Each note is a stand alone. Any one of them can be read, at any time.If you train me a pointed oppugn about the five most important areas where we subscribe to to cin one casentrate for bringing the maximum gather to the people of India, I would say education, education, education, presidency and primary healthcare. The first education stands for funtional literacy and pre-primary, primary, secondary education. The Right to Education carte was introduced in parliament alone in 2005 and passed in 2009. Thank G od that after 63 long time of Independance we realize the make for education The second education stands for vocational education and training (VET) and aptitudes building.The importance of VET has finally been recognized at the level of the Prime Minister who had directed a Task intensity level in November 2006 to draw out milestones for uplifting our young Indians into productive employment by empowernment and training. 4 www. wakeupcall. org General In the 11th plan period the National Skills Council and the National Skills Devlopment Corporation progress to been setup in 2009. The Government of India has planned additional 1 cholecalciferol ITIs/ITCs and 50,000 skill centers in the 11th plan. The work on modernizing the existent 5,500 ITIs is also in full swing.The third education stands for complete decontrol and deregulation of all forms of medical, higher and technical education. This alone can generate innovation, excellence and make us World Class. We flip had reservat ions in steel, cement, cars, scooters, and so forth Only increased capacity and disengage markets suck up solved the issues of p sift, quality and availability. Licence Raj in all forms of education especially in higher, medical and technical education must go Education as an enterprise is nearly five times larger than I. T. and software. It is therefore a much big employment generator than software and I.T. The reader pass on have to look elsewhere for data and solutions in the area of primary healthcare. Good brass section has been highlighted by giving a figure of speech of examples of bad governance and the shun effects therefrom. It is difficult in a democracy to have tidy governance untill the electorate has been empowered with relevant education. Hence the emphasis on relevant education. It has taken our country 59 old age after independance and a address of discussion and debate to recognize the certain potential of micro and small medium enterprises (MSMEs). The crest on MSMEs was passed only in 2006.Probably 80% of our GDP is here 99. 7% of organizations in this c onception, including India, are MSMEs. This is the true dynamo and heartbeat of any nation. go forth of a workforce of 490 one thousand meg people, only 6% is the nonionic sector and the oddment 460 billion or 94% is the unstructured sector. It is estimated that the total number of MSMEs are 100 million. 80% in agriculture and plantations and the balance 20% in service and manufacturing sectors. The importance of Vocational education & training or VET and MSMEs for employment contemporaries has been highlighted and explained.As per the latest CII BCG Prof. C. K. Prahlad Project emailprotected, the Nation requires 500 million earthly concern class handy people and 200 million benignant class graduate by 2022. The history of evolution of this book has been dramatic, please overhear page number 8 for details. The only regular has been change. It is for you the re ader to decide wether it was for better or for worse Krishan Khanna Mumbai, India August 2012 Disclaimer The information mentioned in this book has been collected from miscellaneous sources in India and outside, during the last 20 years. Watch does not take any licit responsibility for the accuracy of the data provided. We do not recommend that investment and business decisions be taken, base on the data provided in this book. Most of the sources of information as well as references are exact on page 92. For the latest data and information the reader is advised to see the current websites and handbooks as mentioned on page 92. General Wake up Call for INDIA 5 Dear Reader, Wel bugger off to i Watch. Based on the feedback from readers, we suggest that the avocation pages may be read first 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7, 8. 9. rapscallion 12 Focus of this book Page 14 Citizens response to i Watch Page 21 Agenda for Transforming INDIA Page 34 Tale of 3 countries Page 47 The Population Bo mb Page 56 Difference between Poor & Rich Page 59 How to plan for World Markets? Page 61 MSMEs Backbone of any economy Page 66 china India comparison 10. Page 75 Employment generation through VET 11. Page 87 Indias Labour Productivity 12. Page 90 Agriculture Advantage INDIA 13. Page 93 i Watch in National Committees 6 www. wakeupcall. org General Sustaining Economic Growth Through Relevant Education & Vocational Training The above theme take to be go on forever, as far as India is concerned.The following two example will strengthen the importance of human resource development, relevant education and skills acquired through vocational training for sustainable development of the economy. I was involved in October 2007 by the Ministry of Education, S. Korea, to chair a session on Vocational Education & Training (VET) for Developing Countries. This was part of the Global HR forum which was attended by nearly 1,200 educational experts from 50 countries. The only other India n attending this forum was Prof. Ananth, Director of IIT-Madras. The legate prime minister of South Korea was inaugurating the Global Forum.About 50 years ago the people of S. Korea were as poor as Indians. South Korea Looked at Japan and Germany who had very little mineral wealth such as ores, coal or energy in the form of gas, oil other hydro-carbons, just like S. Korea ( precisely unlike India) but were developing very fast, in evoke of the complete destruction in the 2nd adult male war South Korea realized that the main debate was relevant education and skills building through vocational training. South Korea scored a position of a deputy prime minister, whose main responsibility, I believe, is human resource development, education and skills building.General Wake up Call for INDIA 7 Today, after 50 years, an median(a) South Korean has an in pass off of nearly US$ 23,823 per year compared to US$ 1,530 for an norm Indian. Is there a message in this for us in India? Let us Look at the 2nd example which is current. Where should we as a Nation be by 2022? Or in the year of our 75th Independence or emailprotected? The Confederation of India Industry or Cll along with the manhood renowned steering guru, late Prof. C. K. Prahlad had planned for emailprotected Out of the 74 national committees of the CII, the ones on Education, Skills & HR and the Youth are to begin with working on this initiative.Prof. Prahlad was very straighten out that only by empowerment of the people especially the youth of India, through education and skills building and vocational training will ensure us as a Nation to attain our major our goals by the year 2022. The plan is to have 500 Million skilled people in varied skills and 200 million population class graduates from contrastive fields by 2022. More information about education, economy, governance and employment generation in India available at www. wakeupcall. org or in our book titled Transforming INDIA by empowerment of the people of India through relevent education & vocational training.History of evolution of this book In 1993 we started with a 4 page booklet. In 1997 it grew to 8 pages, which were also translated into 10 Indian languages. In 1999 the book had inflate to 16 pages, in 2001 to 24 pages, in 2002 to 28 pages, in 2004 to 32 pages, in 2005 to 36 pages, in 2006 to 48 pages and in January 2007 to 56 pages. In July 2008 the book was further expanded to 88 pages and in January 2009 was further expanded to 92 pages and in October 2009 to 96 pages. In February 2011 it was expanded to 100 pages. The current August 2012 edition is finally expanded to 104 pages.This book Trannsforming INDIA is available in English and 12 Indian language, that is to say , Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu and Urdu. The point has always been in the same four areas organization . India maiden Education and Human Resource Development . Education initiatory Economy and Enterprise . Economy world-class Employment Generation ..Employment beginning(a) Economy 1st and Employment 1st, as mentioned 1 2 3 4 i Watch has four di messs, namely India 1st, Education 1st, total of fourty seven notes and observations. above. The first three subjects have ten, twelve and nine articles each while the fourth has sixteen, a To assist the reader, the bottem of each page mentions the classification of the text, in one of the above four categories. Where it does not fit any of the four above, we have separate the same under General category. 8 www. wakeupcall. org General Immortal Inspiration Nobel Laureate Rabindranath TagoreINDIA can become a Nation, which is outperform described in the words of Rabindranath Tagore Where the listen is without fear and the head is held high Where knowledge is free Where the world has not been broken up into fragments by narrow domestic walls Where words come out from the depth of truth Where tireless str iving stretches its arms towards perfection Where the clear stream of causal agent has not lost its way into the dreary desert sand of dead habit Where the mind is led by thee into ever widening thought and action Into that heaven of freedom, my Father, let my country awake.Gitanjali, verse XXXV. General Wake up Call for INDIA 9 A Citizens effort A citizen, an IIT engineers effort at starting and giving momentum for Transforming INDIA through relavant education, vocational training and human empowernment. All of us have a duty, many realize and many dont. What is important is a clear understanding of what we need to focus on. The rest follows..A non- governmental, non-religious, non-sectoral effort where the only mission is to bring about awaken of the people and then alone can they decide and understand the latent potential of the People of India what we missed out on and the importance of this work. in that respect is much more than to India than we typically may think. This work is only a seed the growth will come through many hands, of which yours is also one. Aim of this bookThe biggest challange is to circulate relevant education in the form of 100% functional literacy, vocational education and training and to expand multifold, the existing infrastructure of all forms of pre-primary, primary, secondary, higher, medical and technical education and make India an international hub for education, like it used to be. India inevitably to empower its youth with relevant education and training as soon as possible. The average age of an Indian is 26 years Priority number one is the education and empowerment of the fille child and women. 10 www. wakeupcall. org GeneralWhat can we do for you? 1. Publications Dear Reader we can assist and help you in the following areas- Starting with this book. enrapture see details of other list of publications as little out on page 95. We request you to look at the inside cover page to note that this book of 104 pages i s also available in 12 Indian languages such as Hindi, Urdu, Punjabi, Assamese, Bengali, Oriya, Gujarati, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada & Malayalam. English is only mute by 7% of the Indian population. 2. interactive Workshops We conduct interactive workshops in the following topics as circumstantial on page 91. Relevant Manufacturing Policy for India, Relevant Educational Policy for India, Globalization and how India can grow at +10% per year, Good Governance and how it benefits the citizen, Employment Generation for 10 million people per year, How to make Money after leaving College, Transforming India through Education. 3. Mind-Set-Change of teachers, Parents & the Youth beneficent see the projects I and 2 as detailed on page 97 Not only are the Projects described but the positive impact of these Projects are also explained in detail. 4.Providing Relevant Data Kindly refer to our website at www. wakeupcall. org, all our publications as mentioned under item I, list of referen ces as detailed out on page 92 and you will see that we have extracted a look at of relevant data for you the reader and formatted the same for easy reading and understanding. All our data is updated, as far as possible, once a year. 5. Setting up Vocational Education & Training Centres We work with a few large organizations within India who bodiedly train large number of people per year. We are their knowledge partners.By use of technology, by use of essential training centres, by use of integrating such training centres with business and patience in each local area, by providing trained Trainers & Mentors for actual training, by conducting assessments, exams and certification of trained persons, by providing counseling before training and placements after training, we add a lot of value for the youth in any geography or district of India. Currently we are concentrating on VET courses in the areas of healthcare, Hospitality, Tourism, Education and setting up centres in all par ts of India. Details on request.General Wake up Call for INDIA 11 i Watch Focus areas Education We work on this issue because 1. Drop-out rate between KG to Class 10+2 is 87% to 93%, includes those who have never attended school. 2. license Raj and regulation in Higher, Medical and Technical education, restricting growth, R&D, quality and capacity. 3. Cash out-flow of about Rs. 50,000 crores or US$10 to $12 billion per year for Indian students leaving India for foreign Universities, because of lack of put and quality education within India. These funds bounteous to build 50 IIMs & 30 IITs per yearIt is estimated that about 153,000 students leave all year for foreign studies. 50% opt for a two year Masters course and the balance 50% for a four-year Undergraduate course. 4. Functional literacy expected to be about 33% against Governments figure of about 67%, but China conclude to 93%. 5. Inadequate skills development. Hardly 0. 5% of the work force are macrocosm trained at any gi ven, in the organised sector, versus the required 7% to 10%, as in China and other authentic countries 6. India has 27,000 foreign students while Australia has 400,000 foreign students 7.India has 1. 7 million schools vs 2. 5 million in China 8. India has 563 Universities vs 1100 in China 9. Pre-Primary not given impoftance. 90% of the human brain developed between the age of 1 to 6. 2. Why is FDI stock into India hardly US$ 121 billion vs US$ 1920 billion for China + Hong Kong? 3. tourer traffic into India is only 6 million per year vs 80 million per year into China? 4. World trade is about 2. 2% against 8. 0% for China. 5. Agriculture productivity in India is 40% as compared to that of China. 6. spirit expectancy is 67 years vs 74 years in China. 7.Electrical loss receivable to transmission and other losses from electricity boards vary from 25% to 50% in India vs 6% to 8% in China. 8. exotic exchange reserves about US $ 295 billion for India vs US$ 2199 billion in China. 9. HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome affect about 5 million people in India vs 0. 85 million in China. 10. 40% of all fruits and vegetables are damaged or destroyed due to poor farm management. 11. India receives a lot of rain but because of poor water management we get floods or drought. Economy We work on this issue because 1. Labour Laws do not allow level acting field for Indian organizations within present Global Economy. . Employment generation suffers because we look at Capital Intensive businesses rather than cranch Intensive ones. 3. India has only 2. 6% of world GDP. Buying power is low, but demand is high due to high population of 17%. Exports is the answer. Enough emphasis not given so far in 66 years. SEZs need to grow faster. 4. on a lower floorstructure is very inadequate for 1,210 million people. Lot of whistle but very little implementation. Governance We work on this issue because 1. Rs. 3,600 crores or US$ 0. 72 billion spent everyday by the 35 states and UT s of India to run the country.Are the citizens halcyon? 1 million = 10 lacs 12 www. wakeupcall. org General 5. India needs to cash in the advantage of purchasing power parity, (PPP) for its World Trade. 6. I. T. and software is only 5% of the Indian economy and 3% of world economy. India must look at the balance 97% of the world economy and make it World Class. 7. Advantage of SMEs not fully understood. Present definition not as per Global Standards as in EU, USA, Japan, China, etc. This is a big disadvantage to Indian business as 99. 7% of all organizations in the world are MSMEs.SSIs are only 5% of Indias GDP while MSMEs would be close to 70% to 80%. Ministry of Industry focus should change from Industry to Economy. 4. Vocational education is at once connected with employment and wealth generation, unlike normal education and knowledge improvement. The benefits of VET for the common man, benefits to organizations who use skilled and trained workforce and benefits to the nation to make it globally competitive will only come about when nearly 80% of the youth, after the age of 15 years opt for VET and not for the normal college education which is B. A, B. Sc or B. Com 5.The Demographic dividend of supplying young skilled manpower to the world markets must be seized by next Indians by using VET. 6. The present work force of 490 million can be divided into 30 million in the organized sector and 460 million in the unorganized sector. The biggest challange facing us is to provide world class VET for the 460 million in the unorganized sector 7. Most of the SMEs are in the unorganized sector. SMEs are the real Dynamo of the economy. Dovetailing SMEs with Vocational Education & Training will create one of the biggest pool of young, talented and trained manpower in the worldThis will propel India forward as an sparing power. 8. In contries like Switzerland & Austria there are 5000 VET centers each only for a polulation of 8 million each These contries are land l ocked and have no mineral wealth or energyi but because of high quality human resorseas have GDP nearly 33% and 23% of respectively of India 9. The present Apprentice Act is not in line with the countrys present needs. It requires to be completely overhauled so that nearly 10% of the workforce could be apprentices being trained and working at the same time. Employment Generation We work on this issue because . India has 43 million registered unemployed and credibly another 260 million who are underemployed or unemployed in the age group of 18 to 50 years but not registered. 2. The average age of an Indian is 26 years, compared to a Chinese who is 34 years and a European, American or Japanese who may be 40 to 45 years in age. India is a very young country. We need to skill our people so that we can take advantage of so many Young Indians 3. composition China spends nearly 2. 5% of GDP on Vocational Education & Training (VET) in 500,000 VET centres coating nearly 3000 vocations. Ind ia ardly spends 0. 1% of its GDP in VET in 8500 centres covering about 400 vocations. The actual expenses in VET are more but data is not available 1 million = 10 lacs General Wake up Call for INDIA 13 Citizens respond to i Watch Feedback and result received from Indian organizations and individuals, during the last ten years has been documented, based on letters and communications received. A selection of some of these communications has been compiled into a dossier and available for inspection at our office in Mumbai. slightly of the feedback is mentioned in the pages downstairs.In short, we are quite happy about the learning ability change and action plans initiated in different parts of India, based on the above strategy adopted by i Watch, action plans, assisting and networking with various stakeholders in the actual implementations of plans towards Educational Reforms and Transforming India. Sushma Berlia, President, Education Promotion Society for India They have set o ut to create a framework for achieving high and sustainable growth for India. For this they are working to build consensus and influence insurance policy changes.This is indeed a very strange strategy designed to have a far-reaching impact. Rajiv Kumar, headspring Economist, CII I hope to use some of the wisdom gleaned from your paper in the formulation of my policies of corporate governance. N. R. Narayana Murthy, professorship & read/write head Mentor, Infosys i Watch is doing a wonderful job in making the people understand and tell relevant policy changes required and the importance and need of Good Governance to benefit the people of India. Dr. B. P. Dhaka, secretarial assistant General, PHDCC The Chamber appreciates the good work i Watch has been doing for the benefit of the citizens.P. N. Mogre, Secretary General, Indian Merchants Chamber The mission of i Watch has been the Mission of Krishan Khanna to innovate and transform where ever he was involved in work or lif e. Dr. P. S. Rana, Chairman & Managing Director, HUDCO As an educationist and HRD consultant I fortifiedly believe that the plan of i Watch for training 95% of the youth in 3000 areas of Vocational education is most innovative. If implemented, it would prove to be a major solution for the unemployment problem in India Prof. Rooshikumar Pandya, International focusing Guru We interact with more than 500 nongovernmental organizations and we must say that we have found i Watch a unique and innovative NGO. Vinay Somani, Managing Trustee, Karmayog. com I have read with interest your book titled, Transforming India, and would like to convey my compliments to you for the very useful studies and suggestions contained in this. I have no doubt that the issues raised and the recommendations made are of immense value. B. N. Yugandhar, Member cookery Commission We believe in the ideas and suggestions of i Watch to bring the policies to optimum benefit for the people of India.Anupam Mittal, President & CEO, People group I have not heard of any NGO like i Watch which has such a holistic plan for Transforming India. Maj. Gen. D. N. Khurana, Director General, All India Management Association. Regarding Good Governance, I look forward to having detailed discussions with you to follow-up on some of the suggestions contained in your book, Transforming India. M. Damodaran, Chairman & Managing Director, IDBI I really appreciate i Watchs endeavour in creating sensation, suggesting solutions and 14 www. wakeupcall. org I am aware of the good work being done by i Watch.I have remark your views regarding good governance, training and employment. M. Venkaiah Naidu, President, BJP General Please keep up the good work. Dr. Natarajan Chairman, All India Council for Technical Education well as focusing on the areas where we need to give greater attention. M. V. Rajasekharan, Minister of State for Planning, Planning Commission I was very impressed with your whole program and your efforts to elevate India. Babu Khalfan, NRI based in USA The vision with which i Watch has been set up is indeed a very by the way effort for better governance.We would be glad to be associated with your foundation. Deepankar Sanwalke, Executive Director, KPMG We would deep appreciate it if you could kindly save the time to participate in the Conference on NRICivil Society Partnership and guide its deliberations. Dr. Abid Hussain, Chairman, root word for Economic & Social Studies At the outset, let me congratulate you on all your presentations and I feel happy and honoured that you have shown interest in our working together on vocational education and training. I can see the potential. Prof. Rupa Shah, Vice Chancellor, S. N. D. T. Womens University I would like to thank you for your support. It has helped us grow into a strong and vibrant organization. Padmini Somani, Director, Salaam Bombay Foundation Your publication makes an interesting reading. I very much appreciat e the constraint and practicality of your approach. K. L. Chugh, Chairman Emeritus ITC Ltd. We welcome you as a founder member of the IC Centre for Governance. The executive director committee members of the Centre are impressed by the choice of your core issues and the action plans outlined. Prabhat Kumar, Former console Secretary & President, IC Centre for Governance Watch is doing a wonderful job and the research work you are doing shall give us a lot of inputs for the movement. Sudesh K. Aggarwal, Secretary General, All Indians Foundation Reference your discussions with our Chief Secretary, we will be glad if you hold interactive sessions on Good Governance & Effective Administration for all senior and middle level officers, numbering about 450 of the government of NCT, at the Delhi Secretariat. Prakash Kumar, AR & IT Secretary, Govt. of NCT I must admit that this is really a very painstaking job and you have amassed a lot of valuable statistics and data.I assure you tha t with my limited capability I shall try to project your data to all possible forums. P. N. Roy, Chairman, Indo-Asahi Glass Ltd. i Watch is invited as a part of the expert panel to comment and suggest on the India and the World 2025 scenarios at the interactive workshop organized by the World Economic Forum and CII. Confederation of India Industry Your effort to shortlist the maladies looming ominously on our socio-cultural-economic spectrums deserve mention. R. S. Agarwal, Joint Chairman, Enami Group of Campanies Please accept my congratulations for the good work which you have done.I would like to take this opportunity to wish you all the best in your work and I am sure your publications will bring about awareness and as well play a very educative role in highlighting the issues and as General I critically studied your Governance & Administration of India paper and came out very deeply impressed and also agitated. It is powerful enough to make everybody sit up and think. It hi ts the right cord. You have on the dot pointed out what ails India. Prakash Almeida, Director, Institute for Study of Economic Issues Wake up Call for INDIA 15 About i WatchI am sure this book will set all those who receive it thinking and from thinking at least some will go on to take some action to realize the vision you have sketched. N. Vittal, interchange Vigilance Commission, CVC What is i Watch ? i Watch, is a citizens movement for Transforming INDIA. i means India, Indians, you and me. Watch, means that we are watching what is happening in the country and reporting to the citizens in order to create awareness for the rice beer of improvement. The i is small since our gurus have always taught us that only with humility can we embrace the truth.We focus on Human resource development, governance, economy, enterprise and employment generation and the relevance of their interconnection. i Watch is a registered charity with the head office located in Mumbai, India. Donations t o i Watch, qualify for 80G income tax benefits for Indian organizations and citizens. The FCRA approval for foreign donations has been received in January 2009. Your perception is superb, ideas are original and some of the statistics are mind boggling. I wish your ideas get a much wider coverage through the all-India media. H. N. Dastur, Executive Director, Bhartiya Vidya Bhavan When awareness is there, the action will also take place and in this crusade I and many Indians are with you. come up it up. Sushil Gupta, Past District Governor, Rotary District 3010 I assure you that I will continue to do whatever is within my power to pursue the one point agenda as in your letter. George Fernandes, defensive measure Minister, Government of India We feel privileged on account of your having favoured us with your valuable experience. Air Commodore Amrit Lal, Executive Director, Indian Society for Training & Development How do we plan to transform INDIA? i Watch, functions in three stag es. . build awareness Publications such as Making INDIA a Knowledge Economy, The INDIA you may not Know and Action Plan for INDIA are used for the purpose of creating awareness. 2. Solutions and Action Plans This is achieved by our website, interactive workshops and our 104 page book, Transforming INDIA. 3. Actual Implementation For this purpose, we assist and network with government, public, cloak-and-dagger organizations and NGOs. I appreciate your viewpoints expressed in the note and would invite more ideas and pragmatic exercises which can help to develop society in the right direction.Suresh Prabhu, Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha 16 www. wakeupcall. org General What has i Watch achieved ? In 1992, when we started on the journey of Transforming INDIA, we had no clue as to the focus we should take. It took us nearly 4 years of research and travel to come to some basic conclusions as to the areas of focus for transforming India. This we achieved by 1996. Real work started in 1 997. The focus finally watered down to the following four key areas1. HRD, Vocational education & Employment Generation 2. Governance & administration of India 3.Policy changes regarding, SSI, MSME and relevant toil laws 4. Economy, Enterprise, eg. emphasis on trades and other sectors of the economy such as retail, wholesale, manufacturing, travel and tourism, healthcare, infrastructure and agriculture. i Watch has had some success in all four areas as we have been able to change the mindset of a large cross section of the decision making population by the use of1. Interactive workshops, seminars & articles 2. Publications, Making INDIA a Knowledge Economy, The INDIA you may not know and Action Plan for INDIA 3. 02 page book, Transforming INDIA 4. Website at www. wakeupcall. org 5. Participation in the National Committees of the MHRD, Planning Commission, Chambers of Commerce, CII, FICCI, Ministry of IT, etc. As members of CII, FICCI, ASSOCHAM, PHDCC&I, IMC, MEDC, BCC&I and discus sions with IBA, RBI, and MOF we were able to influence the meaning of SMEs and understanding the limited relevance of SSIs. The only constant in life is change be intimated by the Europen Union, EU, for a joint project on employment generaction and vocational education and training in ten states of India.In the area of Governance we have been consulted by state governments such as the Delhi NCT to suggest and advice on Governance and Administration. In Educational Reforms, our thought process regarding vocational education and training, have been considered by the Ministry of HRD, Planning Commission & IGNOU. Thrust on Deregulation of Higher and Technical Education is gaining acceptance through initiatives with the CII, FICCI, ASSOCHAM, EPSI, PHDCC&I and others. In the areas of Economy & Enterprise, we are called for our feedback and inputs by think tanks such as the World Economic Forum, WEF.In the last 20 years we have distributed more than 600,000 copies of our book, Transformin g INDIA, conducted a large number of interactive seminars and hosted all our ideas and thoughts on our website. Our publications are available in 13 languages, in English, Hindi, Gujarati, Marathi, Bengali, Assamese, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Punjabi, Urdu and Malayalam. Only 7% of Indians understand English. General Wake up Call for INDIA 17 i Watch principles, mission, goals Guiding Principles 1. arrogant attitude Believe that real change is possible. 2. Research Dont hit the road without detailed home work. 3.Effective communication Use communication tools to reach out to all. 4. Belief in the power of the confederacy Recognize that the central means of all actions is a collective assertion. From an inclusive community comes a collective strength. 5. Constructive engagement Engage in the spirit of partnership. Build alternative modules or change the rules. 6. Non ally culture No political affiliation 7. Pro-political approach Politicians are victims of the vicious cycle, not villains 8. Respect for political process Recognition that the politics is the central to democrac and the true politics is a noble endeavour 9.Political alternatives There is no alternative to democracythe alternative to democracy is a better democracy 10. Professionalism Deliver on individual roles and responsibilities at the highest breaker point of commitment and capability at all times. namely good governance & effective administration, how it influences the economy and how to achieve it? The importance of relevant Human Resource Development. Removing the present Licence Raj in education The need for policy changes such as scrapping the existing limited definition of small home base industry, SSIs, and expanding it into micro, small and medium enterprises or SMEs.The crying need of relevant labour and administrative reforms to bring India at par with other Asian Tigers and to provide a level vie field to our business leading and managers. Why exports and tourism must be expanded by 1000% of the present levels In a democracy people have to get involved. Change is possible and more creditable if communication is bottom up rather than top down. Our presentation is therefore designed for the common man or the citizen of India. Goal To make India, a land, which is truly world class. With 1210 million people, India has a very large demand, but where is the buying power?We must export more to build up buying power Indias future lies in becoming a resource base for the world, in manufacturing, trading and service, since 97. 4% of world trade and 97. 8% of world buying power is NOT within India. A birds eye view shows India needs to emulate the successful examples of information technology, software and diamond exports, for all other sectors of the economy. With a high purchasing power parity (PPP of Rs. 16 = US$1), India has immense scope to export goods and services. Good governance and effective administration are necessary to achieve these goals for I ndia Politicians and officials in China maunder Economics & Walk the Talk, that is why non-resident Chinese and foreign investors have confidence in China Fortunately, the preception about India is now in positive territory General Historical Background The focus was always constant in the areas of Human resource development, governance and the economy. The importance of the interdependance of HRD-Governance-Leadership-Economy & Enterprise-Infrastructure on each other needs to be understood. Each depends upon the other in many ways.It is not possible to look at them seperately without cause harm and lowering the efficiency of the country. Mission To create awareness for the citizens of India in areas which are vital for the future of the nation, 18 www. wakeupcall. org The INDIA you may not know of 50,000 or more private I. T. training centers spread crossways the country. 9. I. T. & Software are only 2. 0% to 2. 5% of the worlds GDP. Indias present shell out is about 5% of GDP. For rapid economic growth and employment generation we need to concentrate on the balance 95% of the economy and enterprise and make it world class 10. 00 million unemployed of employable age* and only 44 million have actually registered with employment offices with little or no hope of getting employment (our estimates)*. 11. Of all new employment generated, 1% are government jobs, 2% are in the organized sector and the balance 97% in the unorganized sector. 12. Out of our 490 million workforce, 94 % work in the unorganized sector and about 6% in the organized sector. Nearly 55% to 60% are self employed. 13. 2. 5% of the entire population, viz. 19 million people work for the central and state government another 11 million work in the private organized sector.A small part of the population work in the organized sector. 14. All Labour Laws are made to protect, at any cost, the above 2. 5% of the Indian population. term 311 of the Indian constitution needs relevant revision since it over protects employees of the Government even at a cost to the nation. 15. While MPs, MLAs and Municipal Councilors and the village panchayats, can only be elected for a maximum of 5 years, the officials, babus, and government employees enjoy life long benefits of employment, in spite of their performance. 16.We have 600 million illiterate people based on the international definition of the 3Rs (reading, writing and arithmetical or education at least up to primary level of class 5) 17. The Indian definition of literacy is based on a survey of people If you can write your name, you are literate zip has in force(p)ly ever challenged this definition 18. 290 million live below the Government of Indias definition of the distress line of Wake up Call for INDIA 19 1. 71% or 840 million people are below 35 years of age. Indians are young. 2. 28 million people are born every year, 10 million die per year, population increase 1. % per year 3. 88% to 92% drop out rate of children between kindergarten and 10+2. This includes those who have never been to school. 4. 10% are the ones that cross the 10+2 stage, Educational Line of Control, which is our so called educated youth, go in for a regular college degree which may not be very relevant in todays context for the sake of employment generation and national GDP enhancement. 5. 62% of all graduates from the 37,000 colleges are Arts graduates. Balance 38% in science, commerce, medical, engineering, I. T. , law, management and special subjects. 6.While 80% of the world youth between 15 to 35 years of age learn a vocation, a skill or a trade, with a choice of 3000 vocational education and training (VET) programs, in 15,000 modules, we in India have only identified about 400 courses after 66 years of Independence and hardly 2% to 2. 5% of the population goes for formal VET training 7. We can get engineers and MBAs in India but no carpenters, plumbers, drivers, repairmen and other skilled personnel as per international stan dards in the other 2,500 vocational trades. 8. Information Technology, software or I. T. are the only exceptions.Perhaps because India 1st Rs. 26 (rural India) to Rs 32 (urban India) per day this is based on being able to buy enough rice and wheat from the Public Distribution System, PDS system and ration shops, which has food value of 2200 kilo calories per day. 19. Nobody has ever challenged this definition of Poverty Line. How can one expect people to live with a few kilos of raw uncooked wheat or rice? As human beings, dont we need more? How about one set of clothes to cover our bodies, a set of chappals for our feet, some vegetables, take out and fruit, in our diet? How will we cook without any energy and fuel? 0. 450 million* live below the poverty line definition of the World Banks old definition of US$1 (Rs. 50) per day per person, or US$ 365 per year. 800 million* people live below the poverty line definition of the World Banks new definition of US$ 2 (Rs. 100) per day p er person, or US$730 per year. (our estimates)* 21. Average Per Capita of an Indian is about US$ 1530 per year per person (1. 21 billion people and a GDP of US$ 1853 billion). Average earning of an Indian is US$ 4. 10 per day. 22. India has only 2. 6% of the World GDP and has 17% of the world population.Demands are high but buying power is low. Hence we will need to increase our export related activities by 10 times, as the foreign markets are 60 times bigger than the Indian market. Our share of world markets or foreign trade is 2. 2%, down from 33% 1000 years ago, down from 27% when the British landed in India and down from 3% in 1947. 23. Only 7% of all Indians understand English, yet most of the websites of the government of India, state governments and public institutions are in the English language 24. While English is a language used in countries which account for about 38% of the world GDP, viz. USA + UK + old British colonies, yet in India, while we talk of globalization, we are not serious about learning the other languages of the world, eg. , Japanese, German, Spanish etc, unlike the Chinese youth who are doing so otherwise. 25. India is probably at the bottom of the heap, as far as the human development index is concerned such as infant mortality, child care, malnutrition, womens health, sicknesses, disease, health, clean drinking water, etc. 26. Democracy is to the people, for the people, by the people. If we have to succeed, the citizen has to get involved and participate in governance. 7. Unlike other countries, we have 22 official languages, 2,600 dialects, all religions of the world, and due to low human and economic development, emphasis on SC, ST, dalits, caste, religion, sects, minorities, regions, ethnic groups, etc. 28. Employment generation is restricted due to existing policies which do not encourage Labour Intensive enterprises. Relevant labour reforms in line with prevailing practices in other countries of Asia are required for a level playing field for Indian organizations. 29. The size of Enterprises cannot be indomitable by officials in the central government.They are decided by technology, process, international market forces and competitive pressures. Reservation for small musical scale industry, SSI, needs to be scrapped and SMEs should be encouraged. SSIs are 5% of the Indian GDP. 99. 7% of all organizations in the world are SMEs. 70% to 80% of the Indian GDP are SMEs. We need to understand the meaning of E in MSME (small and medium enterprises). 30. As per www. loksatta. org, about Rs. 3,200 crores are spent every day, to govern India at the centre and state levels, both on revenue as well as on capital account. Is this transparent? Is the specie well spent?Citizens need to use The Right to Information, RTI bill, and also take part in the governance of India, through citizen groups. 31. About 800 members of parliament in the lok sabha and rajya sabha and 4,210 members of the state legislature assemblie s control this usance of Rs. 3,200 crore per day. You may transfer a sample of the contents of this book, Transforming India, from our website in English, Marathi, Gujarati, Urdu, Hindi, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Oriya, Bengali, Assamese and Punjabi. 1 million = 10 lacs 20 www. wakeupcall. org India 1st Agenda of Transforming INDIA nto an Economic Power & Developed Nation Priority 1 Relevant HRD, deregulate H&T education & Vocational training 1. 100% Primary Functional Literacy Learn to read and write any Indian language in 40 to 60 hours 1 hour per day for 5 days a calendar week. Nearly 500 million people need to learn the 3 Rs which are reading, writing and arithmetic. As per the government of India, the average literacy rate is 64%, based on the indian definition, if you can write your name. If one uses the international definition, like minimum primary education as the criteria, the actual literacy rate would come down to 40%We need to achieve 100% functional liter acy in the next 10 years 2. Primary & secondary education The dropout rate of 90% in schools, from kindergarten to class 12th, must be reduced to less than 10%. This includes children who have never attended school. 3. Enterprise Skills Development or ESD. We suggest that this should be started from class 5th right upto class 12th. ESD is about enterprises and how the real world works. Helps decide future choice of profession for the youth. Builds confidence in ourself. Only two hours per week are required. 4. Vocational Education & Training or VET.VET teaches the youth a skill or a competence or a trade. One learns to do some skilled job In developed countries, 80% of the youth from age of 14 to 35 should go in for VET. This would mean about 50 million people per year. 5. Except for I. T. , which is 2. 5% of worlds GDP, where there may be 50,000 private training centres operating in India where are the training centres to run the balance 97% of the skills, trades, competances requi red to run the nation? India 1st 6. Liberalize Education Decontrol and privatize all forms of education like business was in 1991Make India an International Hub for Education 7. The I. T. business, ever since inception, has been outside the control and regulation of the central and state governments. Market forces, fierce competition, and constant innovation has allowed Indian I. T. education to be world class. 8. Private and NRI conjunction in education Government should concentrate up to high school only, from class 1 to 10 only. The rest they should leave to the private sector 9. Entrepreneurship Institutes in each Block Entrepreneur promotional institutes, in all the blocks of the states. 7% of new employment is in the unorganized sector and SMEs. We need skill sets for the youth. 10. India will only prosper when the Goddess of Learning, Saraswati is unshakled and unchained as was the Goddess of Wealth Lakshmi in 1991. Priority 2 Good Governance Benefits of leadership and good governance are highlighted in ten different articles. If one looks at the contents page, one will notice that nearly 81% of our articles are People Dependant, ten on Governance and twelve on Human Resource Development and Sixteen on Employment GenerationOne can understand Good Governance, only if we understand the effects of bad governance. Many such examples have been given in our articles for this very reason. Wake up Call for INDIA 21 Focus on HRD, governance, economy and employment generation Priority 3 Central government policy changes 1. Removal of SSI (small scale industry) reservation. Reservation does more harm than good. 2. Amend Labour and Employee Laws and give local enterprises and organizations a level playing field on par with other developing Nations of Asia and Latin America. 3.Encourage labour intensive technologies for employment generation. 4. Recognize the meaning and importance of MSMEs (micro, small medium enterprise) and not SSIs (small scale industry). We mu st understand the importance of the M and the E in SMEs as MSMEs account for 80% of the Indian economy against 5% in SSI. While the MSME Bill was passed in 2006. Indian MSMEs still have to align themselves to global standards. Large organizations hire out most of their non-core business to highly productive and cost- effective MSMEs. 1. Trading, wholesale & retail, are 15 times bigger than I.T. (big employment and GDP generator) 2. Manufacturing, as an enterprise, is 11 times bigger than I. T. (generates about 75% of government revenues) 3. Health Care, as an enterprise is 4 times bigger than I. T. (big employment and GDP generator) 4. Travel & Tourism, as an enterprise is 6 times bigger than I. T. (big employment and GDP generator) 5. Education, as an enterprise is 4 times bigger than I. T. (big employment and GDP generator) Priority 5 Funding infrastructure US$ 1500 Billion peculiar(prenominal) Infra Bonds Infrastructure needs funding at 6% to 8% per year, rate of interest.The tenure of borrowing needs to be extended to at least 10-15-20 years, since it takes nearly 5 years for building and another 5 years for Gestation and break-even. These bonds should be of low-interest but with incentives and tax breaks. Priority 6 Awareness program for the above 5 priority areas By the use of our 102 page book, Transforming INDIA through education, awareness with relevant solutions and action plans are our prime objective. Our book is a step in that direction. It has 47 articles and notes on Governance, Human Resource Development, Enterprise & Economy & Employment Generation.Our website at www. wakeupcall. org details out much more than this book. Besides English, the Hindi, Urdu, Gujarati, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Bengali, Oriya, Assamese and Punjabi versions of some relevant portions are available. Only 7% of Indian understand English, therefore Indian languages are required. India 1st Priority 4 Export activities of the economy, other than soft ware Software and I. T. is 2. 5% of the Worlds GDP, we need to look at the balance 97. 5% of the economic sector in the world marketsThe five areas of economic activity, mentioned below, are only some examples, there are many others. 22 www. wakeupcall. org Economic and business reforms later 66 years of Independence, where are we? After 66 years of Independence, if we bench mark India against other countries of the world, especially with those in Asia, we note that though a lot has been achieved by us, a lot more needs to be done. We need to learn from our noncurrent and move boldly into the future. India has achieved many milestones, but not enough to eradicate poverty, illiteracy and other vital issues, for the 1,210 million people of India.In spite of Indias glorious past history and present outstanding world class quality of our human capital, which not only is amenable for(p) for running many organizations, in manufacturing, trading and services sectors, around the world b ut also responsible for advising many countries on this planet, we have not been able to put our own house in order to world class standards. We are not able to always use the best effective human capital for running the country, both for the public as well as the private sectors This needs to be suitably amended.In the first instance, we need to start taking some simple and effective measures which are for the good of the majority of the people of India. We should plan to become a resource base for world markets since 98. 2% of the worlds buying power and 99. 0% of the worlds trade is not with India Good Governance is the Golden Key Good governance can unlock Indias latent potential We have been analyzing Indias problems based on years of research, analysis and personal interviews with thousands of Indian citizens as well as NRIs and PIOs.India needs to improve its governance and administration to world class standards, as soon as possible. We intemperately believe that India woul d be rated as the No. 1 country in the world, as far as potential vs performance is concerned Let us unleash this latent power and energy for the benefit of the 1,210 million Indians, and for the benefit of mankind on our planet. India needs a new and innovative paradigm charge in thought process and planning for achieveing a 10% to 14% GDP growth rate per year 1. Why cant we have 100 zones on our coastline, each one kindred to a Dubai, Singapore or a Hong Kong?These 100 zones will in effect increase the GDP of India by 500% in 15 to 20 years China has more than 500 Special Economic Zones (SEZs) 2. Our suggested Relevant Manufacturing Policy for India can also enhance the GDP to double digit growth. We can achieve high growth rates of the Asian Tigers, including China, provided we follow such policies See our website www. wakeupcall. org and this book for details. 3. The existing educational policy, on human development, caters mostly for higher education. About 25 million people of different age groups, enter the system every year.About 3 million make it in higher education, the balance 22 million drop off at various stages. We need to change the policy to benefit these 22 million. 4. Make some part or parts of coastal India as tax free zones, Use the best examples of Mauritus, Isle of Man, Sychelles, UAE, Bermuda, Luxumberg, Monaco and Lichtchenstien. Tourism, exports, FDI, investment, employment generation, education, vocational training, infrastructure, law & order, reduction of corruption, improvement of health services and GDP can improve at a faster rate with education good governance and effective administration.Wake up Call for INDIA 23 India should learn from the best We should either try to teach the world, if we are better than them, or be humble enough to learn from the best around us, other options are irrelevant W. Edwards Deming, one of the worlds greatest management and quality gurus, when asked, what his one point formula for nations and o rganizations was, said, People are important. Experience of other countries Alan Greenspan, the Chairman of the Federal Reserve Bank of USA, once remarked that lack of labour rigidity is the key to success in the US.The US has benefited much more than Europe and Japan because American businesses enjoy the freedom to hire and fire and only keep the best human resources. S. E. Asia and China have greatly benefited due to flexible and fair (for the masses), human resource policies. India 1st Governance & administration Primary duty of politicians and officials 1. Rate of growth Due to reforms in the last tenner we consider 8% to 10% as the New rate of growth of the economy. India needs to grow at 10% to 14% per year, to meet the well being and aspirations of its people. This goal is achievable with Education, Good Governance and Effective Administration. . Democracy what does it mean? 2. Cost of Governance in India As per www. loksatta. org, an NGO based in Hyderabad, the expenditure on Governance of India, by the 790 politicians at the Centre, the 4,120 in the 35 States and Union Territories and the 19 million employees of the Central and State Governments use about Rs. 3,200 crore per day or Rs. 1,168,000 crore per year, both on capital and revenue accounts. About 1. 87% of Indians govern 1,210 million people This comes to about US$ 234 billion or nearly 14% of Indias Gross domestic product or GDP Are Indian citizens getting their capitals worth?Only you the Indian citizen can give the actual and final answer. You be the settle of your own country and decide. Our study clearly indicates that the people of India desire and deserve much better Governance and Administration. Democracy is of the people, for the people and by the people. Citizens must play an active role. As President John F. Kennedy said, ask not what the country has done for you, but what you have done for the country. In a world of globalization and keen competition, Indians will have to